Carbon Family
- atoms of this family have 4 valence electrons.Elements of carbon are called basis of life.
Boron Family
- Atoms in this family have 3 valence electrons includes metlliod, This family includes ( alluimium )
Nitrogen Family
- 78% of our atmospehere , & this family consist of 5 valence electrons
(Phosphours,arsenic,antimony, and bismulh )
Things To Remmeber
ACROSS a period shielding is constant atomic radius decreases ionazation energy increases electronegativity increases Nuclear charge increases
DOWN a period Nuclear charge increases shielding increases atomic radius increases ionic size increases electronegativity decreases
Trends in the periodic table.
Ionazation energy- amount of energy needed to remove an electron from gaseous atom.
Ions - positive (removal of electrons negitive ( addition of electrons)
More protons - smaller nucleus
Fewer protons- larger nucleus
Size of an atom - as you move left to right incresases & nuclear charge increases while shielding is constant
Mettalic elements easily loose electrons while non mettalic elements readily gain electrons.
Electron affinity - nergy change when adding an electron to gaseous atoms.
Electronegativity - the ability of an atom to bond and pull the electron.
Did you know ?
- Nobal gases are UNreactive gases? such as (helium,neon,argon,krypton,xenon and radon)
- Halogen family consist of Flourine,chlorine,bromine,iodine,and astaline
- Electron affinity measeures energy change when a electron is added to a neutral atom from a negitive ion.
- Electonnegativity is the tendancy in an atom in a bond to attract electrons.
- Mass number is a numerical value that reflects how much an atom in a molecule attracts electrons.
